Multidimensional Analysis of Psychological Well-Being and Its Impact on Academic Achievement in Adolescents: A Cross-Cultural Study

Abstract

This research examines the relationship between psychological well-being and academic performance in adolescents, focusing on the dimensions of self-acceptance, autonomy, and personal growth. An adapted version of Ryff's (1989) questionnaire was administered to a sample of 300 secondary school students from Madrid (Spain) and Portugal, employing a quasi-experimental design. The instrument, comprising 39 items evaluated on a 6-point Likert scale, revealed significant differences across all dimensions of psychological well-being between genders and countries. Portuguese adolescents demonstrated higher levels of positive relationships, autonomy, purpose in life, and self-acceptance, while Spanish adolescents excelled in personal growth. These findings underscore the importance of interpersonal relationships and cultural differences in adolescent psychological well-being. The results suggest the need to implement specific interventions that foster positive development in these areas during adolescence, considering gender and cultural context particularities. This study contributes to the understanding of how psychological well-being may influence academic performance and holistic development in adolescents, providing foundations for future research and intervention programs in educational settings.