Analyzing Zakat Distribution Using Nonlinear Differential Equations: Insights from Surah Al-Baqarah Verse 177 for Modern Economic Applications

Abstract

This research aims to analyze the effective and efficient management of zakat and its impact on community welfare. Zakat, as one of the pillars of Islam, serves not only as a religious obligation but also as a social instrument to reduce poverty and enhance the quality of life. The research findings indicate that zakat distribution follows a normal distribution with a p-value of 0.155 for the Shapiro-Wilk test and 0.200 for the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Furthermore, the homogeneity test shows a p-value of 0.267, indicating homogeneous variances among groups. The linearity test demonstrates a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.872 with a p-value of 0.001, confirming a significant positive relationship between zakat contributions and the economic welfare of recipients. Simulation results show zakat distribution growth from 500,000 units in the first month to 1,200,000 units after 12 months, with a high R-squared value (0.975) in model validation. This study recommends exploring additional factors influencing zakat distribution and innovations in the collection and distribution of zakat, leveraging technology to enhance efficiency and fairness in the zakat system. Thus, it is expected that zakat can contribute more significantly to economic empowerment and sustainable community welfare